Goodwin's Theory.

 -According to Goodwin there are six main features of a music video:

- In all music videos there is a clear image of the genre of the music and the image that the artist is trying to put across. This is seen through the artists costumes, props and locations giving it characteristic to a certain genre like pop, rock, indie etc.  For example if the artist is a girl-band or a boy band then there may be a dance routine involved or a cheesy storyline. But if its a rock artist then the locations and costumes would be very dark and edgy giving the audience a hard and moody image. A good example of a pop music video that refers to Goodwin's theory is Taylor Swift's 'We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together' which shows a generic image of a typical pop/country music video with romantic and cheesy lyrics and narrative where the female singer is in charge over the guy who broke her heart.
- There can be a relationship between the lyrics and the visuals in any music video. This can create something that contradicts the lyrics with the video or completely relates to the lyrics or visa vera. For example, we can see that there is a literal connection with what is in the music video and the lyrics. For instance, we see the break up happen as told by the song and 'acts out' according to the literal meaning of the lyrics like 'I say, "I hate you," we break up, you call me, "I love you."
- There can also be a relationship between the music and the visuals and this can be either illustrative, amplifying or contradicting. The editing and style of the video can either match with the beats of the music or do the complete opposite. Here not only the camera movement is on the beat but the choreography matches with the timing of the lyrics, like when she sings 'we' her band dressed as animals jump, making the video more happy and fun.
- The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which rear across their work. This may also be a way of establishing the artist and creating pleasure for the audience particularly if he or she is a worldwide superstar. Here the artist interacts with the camera and the audience feels as though she is talking to them.
- There is frequently references to notion of looking (screens within screens, telescopes etc) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body. In the music video there is a part where a vintage T.V set is used with the artist singing which gives it a vintage love feel to the music video.
There is often intersexual reference to 'films, t.v programmes, other music videos etc. For example her music video reflects most typical American films where theres a heartbreak.